Engineering and procurement of CNC machining are indispensable to dealing with commonly used metal materials. This time CNCMF will share with you 24 kinds of commonly used steel materials for CNC machining and mold machining. Do you know them all?
CNCMF has long been committed to the processing of high-precision, high-difficulty, and easily deformed metal and plastic parts, light alloy and composite materials (such as aluminum alloy, carbon fiber, etc.) parts of small and medium-sized CNC machining and manufacturing, as well as robotic parts procurement and customized CNC machining Serve.
1. 45#-high-quality carbon structural steel is the most commonly used medium carbon quenched and tempered steel
Main features: Medium carbon quenched and tempered steel is the most commonly used steel in CNC machining factories. It has good comprehensive mechanical properties, low hardenability, and is prone to cracks during water quenching. Small pieces should be quenched and tempered, and large pieces should be normalized. Application example: Mainly used for CNC machining of high-strength moving parts, such as turbine impellers and compressor pistons. Shafts, gears, racks, worms, etc. Welded parts should be preheated before welding and annealed to relieve stress after welding.
2. Q235A (A3 steel) – the most commonly used carbon structural steel
Main features: It has high plasticity, toughness and welding performance, cold stamping performance, as well as certain strength and good cold bending performance. Application examples: Widely used for general requirements of parts and welded structures. Such as tie rods, connecting rods, pins, shafts, screws, nuts, ferrules, brackets, machine bases, building structures, bridges, etc.
3. 40Cr – one of the most widely used steel grades, belonging to alloy structural steel
Main features: After quenching and tempering treatment, it has good comprehensive mechanical properties, low temperature impact toughness and low notch sensitivity, good hardenability, high fatigue strength can be obtained when oil cooling, and parts with complex shapes are easy to be obtained when water cooling. Cracks are generated, the cold bending plasticity is medium, the machinability after tempering or quenching and tempering is good, but the weldability is not good, and cracks are easy to occur. It should be preheated to 100 ~ 150 ℃ before welding. Carbonitriding and high frequency surface hardening are carried out. Application example: After quenching and tempering, it is used to manufacture medium-speed and medium-load parts, such as machine tool gears, shafts, worms, spline shafts, thimble sleeves, etc. Grinding parts, such as gears, shafts, main shafts, crankshafts, mandrels, sleeves, pins, connecting rods, screws and nuts, intake valves, etc., are used to manufacture heavy-duty, medium-speed impact after quenching and medium-temperature tempering. Parts, such as oil pump rotors, sliders, gears, spindles, collars, etc., are used to manufacture heavy-duty, low-impact, wear-resistant parts after quenching and low-temperature tempering, such as worms, spindles, shafts, collars, etc., carbon The nitriding place is the post CNC machining to manufacture transmission parts with larger size and high low temperature impact toughness, such as shafts and gears.
4. HT150——Gray cast iron
Examples of CNC machining factory applications: gear box, machine bed, box, hydraulic cylinder, pump body, valve body, flywheel, cylinder head, pulley, bearing cover, etc.
5. 35 – commonly used materials for various standard parts and fasteners
Main features: Appropriate strength, good plasticity, high cold plasticity and acceptable weldability. Local upsetting and wire drawing can be performed in the cold state. Low hardenability, use after normalizing or quenching and tempering Application example: Suitable for manufacturing small-section parts, parts that can withstand large loads: such as crankshafts, levers, connecting rods, shackles, etc., various standard parts, fasteners.
6. 65Mn——Commonly used spring steel
Application example: small size various flat and round springs, seat springs, spring springs, can also be made into spring rings, valve springs, clutch reeds, brake springs, cold coil springs, circlips, etc.
7. 0Cr18Ni9 – the most commonly used stainless steel (US steel number 304, Japanese steel number SUS304)
Features and applications: As the most widely used stainless heat-resistant steel, such as food equipment, general chemical equipment, and industrial equipment.
8. Cr12 – commonly used cold work die steel (US steel number D3, Japanese steel number SKD1)
Characteristics and application: Cr12 steel is a widely used cold work die steel, which is a high carbon and high chromium type ledeburite steel. The steel has good hardenability and good wear resistance; because the carbon content of Cr12 steel is as high as 2.3%, the impact toughness is poor, it is easy to be brittle, and it is easy to form uneven eutectic carbides; Cr12 steel is due to With good wear resistance, CNC machining factories are mostly used to manufacture cold punching dies, punches, blanking dies, cold heading dies, cold extrusion dies, punches and dies, drills that require high wear resistance with less impact load. Sleeves, gauges, wire drawing dies, stamping dies, thread rolling plates, deep drawing dies and cold pressing dies for powder metallurgy, etc.
9. DC53 – commonly used cold work die steel imported from Japan
Features and applications: High strength and toughness cold work die steel, Japan Datong Special Steel Co., Ltd. manufacturer’s steel grade. After high temperature tempering, it has high hardness, high toughness and good wire cutting performance. Used for precision cold stamping dies, drawing dies, wire rolling dies, cold blanking dies, punches, etc. 10. SM45 – ordinary carbon plastic die steel (Japanese steel grade S45C).
10. DCCr12MoV – wear-resistant chrome steel
Domestic. Compared with Cr12 steel, the carbon content is lower, and Mo and V are added, and the unevenness of carbides is improved. MO can reduce carbide segregation and improve hardenability. V can refine grains and increase toughness. This steel has high Hardenability, the cross-section can be completely hardened under 400mm, and it can maintain good hardness and wear resistance at 300~400℃. It has higher toughness than Cr12, small volume change during quenching, and high wear resistance and wear resistance. Good comprehensive mechanical properties. Therefore, it can manufacture various molds with large cross-section, complex shapes and high impact, such as ordinary drawing dies, punching dies, punching dies, blanking dies, trimming dies, piping dies, wire drawing dies , Cold extrusion dies, cold cutting scissors, circular saws, standard tools, measuring tools, etc.
11. SKD11 – tough chromium steel
Produced by Hitachi, Japan. Technically improves the casting structure in the steel and refines the grains. Compared with Cr12mov, the toughness and wear resistance are improved. The service life of the mold is prolonged.
12. D2 – high carbon and high chromium cold work steel
Made in the United States. It has high hardenability, hardenability, wear resistance, high temperature oxidation resistance, good rust resistance after quenching and polishing, and small heat treatment deformation. Cold working dies, knives and measuring tools, such as drawing dies, cold extrusion dies, cold shearing knives, etc.
13. SKD11 (SLD) – non-deformable toughness high chromium steel
Japan Hitachi Co., Ltd. production. Due to the increase in the content of MO and V in the steel, the casting structure in the steel is improved, the grains are refined, and the carbide morphology is improved, so the strength and toughness of this steel (flexural strength, deflection, impact toughness etc.) higher than SKD1, D2, the wear resistance is also increased, and it has higher tempering resistance. Practice has proved that the life of this steel mold is higher than that of Cr12mov. It is often used to manufacture molds with high requirements, such as tensile molds, impact molds, etc. The mold of the grinding wheel, etc.
14. DC53 – high toughness high chromium steel
Japan Datong Co., Ltd. production. Heat treatment hardness is higher than SKD11. After high temperature (520-530) tempering, it can reach 62-63HRC high hardness. In terms of strength and wear resistance, DC53 exceeds SKD11. The toughness is twice that of SKD11. The toughness of DC53 is Cracks and cracks rarely occur in cold work die manufacturing. The service life is greatly improved. The residual stress is small. The residual stress is reduced by turning back at high temperature. Because the cracks and deformation after wire cutting processing are suppressed. The machinability and abrasiveness exceed SKD11. Used in precision stamping dies, cold forging, deep drawing dies, etc.
15. SKH-9——General high-speed steel with wear resistance and high toughness
Japan Hitachi Co., Ltd. production. For cold forging dies, slitters, drills, reamers, punches, etc.
16. ASP-23——Powder metallurgy high speed steel
Made in Sweden. Carbide distribution is extremely uniform, wear resistance, high toughness, easy processing, heat treatment dimensional stability. Used for punches, deep drawing dies, drilling dies, milling cutters and shear blades and other long-life cutting tools.
17. P20 – the size of plastic molds generally required
Made in the United States. It can be operated by electric corrosion. The factory state is pre-hardened HB270-300. Quenching hardness is HRC52.
18. 718 – high-demand size plastic mold
Made in Sweden. Especially for electric corrosion operation. Pre-hardened HB290-330 in factory condition. Quenching hardness HRC52
19. Nak80 – high mirror surface, high precision plastic mold
Produced by Datong Co., Ltd., Japan. Pre-hardened HB370-400 in the factory state. Quenching hardness HRC52
20. S136——Anti-corrosion and mirror-polished plastic mold
Made in Sweden. Pre-hardened HB<215. Quenching hardness HRC52.
21. H13 – common die-casting mold
For aluminum, zinc, magnesium and alloy die casting. Hot stamping die, aluminum extrusion die,
22. SKD61——Advanced die-casting mold
Japan’s Hitachi Co., Ltd., through the ballast re-dissolving technology, has a significantly improved service life than H13. Hot stamping die, aluminum extrusion die.
23. 8407 – advanced die-casting mold
Made in Sweden. Hot stamping dies, aluminum extrusion dies.
24. FDAC – added sulfur to enhance its ease of cutting
The factory pre-hardness hardness is 338-42HRC, which can be directly engraved without quenching and tempering. It is used for small batch molds, simple molds, various resin products, sliding parts, and mold parts with short delivery time. Zipper mold, Glasses frame mold.
The above is just a summary of the CNCMF CNC machining factory. If you want to know more about CNC machining, you can contact us: [email protected] to negotiate with us.